Intro_To_Inheritance

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;


namespace Introduction_To_Inheritance
{
    public class Circle
    {
        private double _radius;

        public Circle(double radius)
        {
            _radius = radius;
        }
        //default constructor
        public Circle()
        {
            _radius = 1;
        }

        public double Radius { get { return _radius; } }

        public double Area()
        {
            return Math.PI * _radius * _radius;
        }

        public double Perimeter()
        {
            return 2 * Math.PI * _radius;
        }
    }
}

//=============================================================

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Text;

using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Introduction_To_Inheritance

{

    public class Sphere : Circle

    {

        ///class sphere is inheriting from class Circle

        ///it means that the Sphere inherits all the fields,properties and methods of the Circle.

        ///However, the Sphere will not have a direct access to the private fields defined in Circle, 

        ///but has access to any thing that is defined as public or protected

        ///

        ///Sphere will not inherit the constructor

        ///In Inheritance, the Circle is considered the parent class or the base class

        ///the Sphere is considered the child class or the derived class

        ///

        ///Inheritance creates a parent-child relationship.

        ///

        ///Access modifiers: public,private, protected, internal, protected internal

        ///                  

        ///public members: are accessible to every class

        ///private members: are accessible to only the class where they are defined       

        ///protected members: are accessible by the class itself and all its children (all

        ///child classes)                                 

        ///internal members: are accessible by any class within the same assembly (or namespace)   

        ///------------------------------------------

        ///since Sphere inherits from Circle, it has a radius

        ///even though it does not have access to the _radius

        ///defined in the Circle.

        ///When you define a constructor in the Sphere class

        ///you need to define the parameter radius as well

        ///

        //child constructor

        //The child constructor will always call the parent

        //default constructor or another constructor if specified

        public Sphere(double radius):base(radius)

        {

            //how are going to initialize _radius, when the 

            //Sphere has no way to directly access _radius as defined.

           

            ///The sphere constructor should be set up to call

            ///the parent (Circle) constructor, pass the radius

            ///value to it to allow it to initialize the _radius field. 

        }

        //The sphere does inherit the Area

        ///method defined in the Circle, however

        ///The computation in the circle area

        ///does not fit the correct formula for the sphere

        ///The sphere needs to redefine the 

        ///Area metod that it inherited from Circle.

        ///This redefinition is called method hiding.

        ///use the keyword new to tell the compiler

        ///that you are using method hiding

        new public double Area()

        {

            return 4 * Math.PI * Radius * Radius;

        }

    }

}

//===========================================================

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.ComponentModel;

using System.Data;

using System.Drawing;

using System.Linq;

using System.Text;

using System.Threading.Tasks;

using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace Introduction_To_Inheritance

{

    public partial class Form1 : Form

    {

        public Form1()

        {

            InitializeComponent();

            Circle c1 = new Circle(5.6);

            Sphere sp1 = new Sphere(9.3);

          

        }

        Random rand = new Random();

        private void btnCreateCircleSphere_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            double radius = rand.Next(10, 100);

            //create a Circle object

            Circle c = new Circle(radius);

            //Compute perimeter and area

            double circle_peri = c.Perimeter();

            double circle_area = c.Area();

            //create a Sphere object (using same radius)

            Sphere sp = new Sphere(radius);

            double sphere_peri = sp.Perimeter();

            double sphere_area = sp.Area();

            //display both

            richTextBox1.Text = String.Format(

            "{0}  Radius: {1}  peri: {2:f}   area: {3:f}\n\n",

                    c.GetType().Name,radius, circle_peri, circle_area);

            richTextBox1.AppendText(String.Format(

                "{0}  Radius: {1}  peri: {2:f}   area: {3:f}",

                sp.GetType().Name,radius, sphere_peri, sphere_area));

        }

    }

}

///Lab Assignment

///New Project:

///Define a class Cylinder: with _radius and _height

///constructor, properties and methods:Volume and Area

///

///Define a class Cone that inherits from Cylinder

///Add constructor

///Add any necessary method hiding

///

///In Form1 create a Cylinder object and a Cone object

///Display their data: type,radius,height,area,volume.